Playboy of the Western World Free Essays

The Playboy of the Western World picks up its title from the scene where Christy can’t be beaten in play at any of the town sports, consequently he turns into the â€Å"playboy. † The expression â€Å"of the Western World† drives the route into Synge’s topic of Irish mythmaking, at that point still particularly recognizable in unsophisticated laborer gatherings. With the incorporation of this expression, the legend of the playboy envelops the entire world. We will compose a custom paper test on Playboy of the Western World or on the other hand any comparable subject just for you Request Now Mythmaking goes astray from the real world, as is clarified by the stretch of the title: Irish town game title can’t conceivably trump a whole universe of competitors. Synge isn’t talking about a widespread subject but instead uncovering an especially Irish topic, that of mythmaking. The play opened in January of 1907 at Yeats’s Irish Literary Theater to offended outrage and mobs yet through the span of the twentieth century has picked up ever more noteworthy money among pundits. Had Yeats not held an open discussion on the idea of creative opportunity, The Playboy may have kicked the bucket a disgraceful demise. As it occurs, however, the play has by later pundits been called â€Å"the generally rich and plentiful store of character since Shakespeare’’ (P. P. Howe) and a play â€Å"riotous with the brisk surge of life, a whirlwind of the passions† (Charles A. Bennett). These appear to be the reasons that The Playboy of the Western World has current intrigue. Though unique crowds thought about profound quality and correct portrayals of people groups and nations, the expanding and consistently expanding go after authenticity, ethnic assorted variety and legitimate portrayals has brought The Playboy into vogue since it was the vanguard and the forerunner of what is by and by esteemed and looked for after: uncovered authenticity. Unexpectedly, one may contend this revealed authenticity, which is the symbol of the current milieu, has been conveyed so far that â€Å"realism† is presently an extravagant in that it is a reality past the real world and that it conveys such clout that it is making new truth (of sketchy advantage) afterward, which is a different reality from the authenticity that Synge portrayed subsequent to living with, considering and catching in three acts the social and mental real factors on the Aran Islands, from which he determined The Playboy of the Western World. Step by step instructions to refer to Playboy of the Western World, Essay models

Against Tariffs free essay sample

The primary is defensive levies (import tomahawks), intended to raise retail cost of imported items with the goal that local merchandise will be seriously evaluated. The second is income taxes, which are utilized by creating nations to help baby businesses contend in the worldwide market. 87) Wendy contends that levies urges Americans to get Us made items, yet in actuality the individuals are searching for what is to their greatest advantage, and truly dont care if something is made in America or supported by American banks.If buyers need to pay higher just to get something from the US then they boisterous most likely go with getting capital items made by different nations at a less expensive cost. In our content it states Uninterrupted progression of capital gives nations access to outside speculations, which assist keep with intriguing rates Another counter contention is that duties ensure laborers and wages. Yet, I have discovered that duty has expanded the costs of materials and the items, making things progressively costly for the buyers. We will compose a custom article test on Against Tariffs or on the other hand any comparative theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page By adding extra monies to costs harms exchange and conflicts with what the shoppers needs and that is modest pricing.Global rivalry and less exorbitant imports hold costs down, and to expansion doesn't shorten financial development (P. 69) The third contention of Wends is that duties help to keep up a good parity. Some of the time when you exchange, it wont consistently be about what is ideal for the nations, yet it goes upon what the nations needs. Relative bit of leeway hypothesis expresses that a nation should offer to different nations those items that it creates all the more viably and productively, and purchase from different nations those items it can't deliver adequately.

Blog Archive January 27 Long-Term Planning (DC)

Blog Archive January 27 Long-Term Planning (DC) Applying to business school in 2011? 2012? By taking action now, you can dramatically improve your chances of gaining admission to a top MBA program in the coming years. Indeed, it is never too soon (and certainly not too late) to take several crucial steps to shape your candidacy. Join mbaMission senior consultant Mili Mittal as she leads prospective applicants through a Long-Term Planning Seminar. Topics of discussion include the following: * Creating Your Ten-Month (and Beyond) Timeline * Maximizing the Impact of Community Activities * Accelerating Personal Goals * Building an Alternative Transcript * Taking and Retaking the GMAT * Making the Most of Campus Visits * Understanding the Differences Between MBA Programs * More… Date: Thursday, January 27, 2011 Time: 6:30-8:00 p.m. EST Location: 1327 14th Street, NW Suite 350, Washington, DC 20005 Price: Free! To register for this event, please click here. Share ThisTweet mbaMission Events

Inspiring Birthday Messages and Quotes

The birthday messages you write reflect your attitude towards life. Do you like to look at life as a big picture? Or do you enjoy each individual moment? Here are some wonderful birthday messages. Share them with your special friends and loved ones. Touch hearts and help people know you better. Sammy HagarEvery year on your birthday, you get a chance to start new.Steven WrightFor my birthday I got a humidifier and a de-humidifier. I put them in the same room and let them fight it out.George HarrisonAll the world is birthday cake, so take a piece, but not too much.Paris HiltonThe way I see it, you should live everyday like its your birthday.Ralph ParletteReal birthdays are not annual affairs. Real birthdays are the days when we have a new birth.Reverend Larry LorenzoniBirthdays are good for you. Statistics show that the people who have the most live the longest.T S EliotThe years between fifty and seventy are the hardest. You are always being asked to do things, and yet you are not decrepit enough to turn them down.Helen HayesEvery human being on this earth is born with a tragedy, and it isnt original sin. Hes born with the tragedy that he has to grow up. A lot of people dont have the courage to do it.Christine RossettiMy heart is like a singing birdBecause the birthday of m y lifeIs come, my love is come to me.David EverettYoud scarce expect one of my ageTo speak in public on the stage,And if I chance to fall belowDemosthenes or Cicero,Dont view me with a critics eye,But pass my imperfections by.Large streams from little fountains flow,Tall oaks from little acorns grow.Virginia WoolfOne of the signs of passing youth is the birth of a sense of fellowship with other human beings as we take our place among them.Henry Wadsworth LongfellowYouth comes but once in a lifetime.Friedrich Von SchillerKeep true to the dream of thy youth.Albert SchweitezerIt is through the idealism of youth that man catches sight of truth, and in that idealism he possesses a wealth, which he must never exchange for anything else.

Destructive Love In Shakespeares Macbeth And Wuthering...

Destructive Love The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare s Macbeth and Bronte s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. In Bronte s Wuthering Heights and Shakespeare s Macbeth there is a lot going on between the couples in both stories. In Macbeth, Lady Macbeth and Macbeth are in a terrible situation, starting off with Lady Macbeth pressuring Macbeth to kill Duncan. Macbeth not wanting to kill his king, finally caves in to his wife s request and ends up doing the deed. Lady Macbeth has her husband wrapped around her finger and she knows Macbeth will give her what she wants. In Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff is madly in love with Catherine and as she is with him but Catherine†¦show more content†¦Come let me clutch thee† (Shakespeare 2.1). Macbeth was also hurt because he is the one who is supposed to protect King Duncan from things like this and for him to do this it is ultimate betrayal. While Macbeth was thinki ng whether or not to kill Duncan, Lady Macbeth is now making him mad by questioning his manhood. She makes remarks like â€Å"When you durst do it, then you were a man† (shakespeare 1.7.49). Lady Macbeth does this to make Macbeth angry because she knows he will know do it in Spite of her questioning his manhood. Lady Macbeth is in total control in this situation she has Macbeth wrapped around her finger. Macbeth is fed up with always falling for what his wife wants because he realizes he s not in control over anything and that whatever she wants and he ends up giving it to her. After Macbeth killed duncan Lady Macbeth was pleased and there was no remorse from her over any of that she had gotten what she wanted. Then she got real mad at Macbeth and thinking of him as a coward because she had to go back herself and wipe the daggers on the guards clothes, because Macbeth couldn t do no more. Lady Macbeth would have killed duncan herself but while he was asleep she said he looked like her father while he was sleeping. In reality she could not bring herself to kill a person for her being a woman, it s not the type ofShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Macbeth And Wuthering Heights 1199 Words   |  5 PagesAndrew Sloop Mrs. Weaver English 4 May 29, 2017 Destructive Love In Macbeth and Wuthering Heights The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. How do women gain control in a relationship? Can men regain control in a relationship? What makes a good relationship? What makes a bad relationship? Can people be over ambitious? These questions are vital to understanding the complex relationshipsRead MoreMacbeth And Wuthering Heights Analysis1162 Words   |  5 Pageswomen The theme of destructive love within relationships in ShakeSpeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy,and betrayal. Many events took place in these two story crazy,sad and evil things. Times have changed now how women are trying to get control of the relationship but cant. In ShakeSpeares,time it was easy for women to gain control of the relationship well at least for lady Macbeth it was. In shakespeares story lady Macbeth in the beginning sheRead MoreThe Theme Of Destructive Love Within Relationships, Jealousy, And Betrayal1790 Words   |  8 PagesDestructive love The theme of destructive love within relationships in shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. This three factors are the main causes of broken relationships and arguments between the partners. A good example would be the stories of Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Wuthering Heights. Sexism, jealousy, and betrayal can also lead to death in a destructive love. Love can be defined as an attraction of feelings, states, andRead MoreTheme Of Shakespeare s Macbeth And Bronte Wuthering Heights 1095 Words   |  5 PagesDisastrous Love The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy, and betrayal. These stories both are portrayed with a theme of destructive love, the tragic love of Macbeth and Lady Macbeth, along with Heathcliff and Catherine. When a relationship has become destructive it means there has been some kind of destruction, one or both individuals affection towards each other has become hostile or in someRead MoreDestructive Love In Brontes Macbeth And Wuthering Heights1395 Words   |  6 PagesLove Is A Strong Word The theme of destructive love within relationships in Shakespeare’s MacBeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy and betrayal. Destructive love is an active process of destroying the affection and tenderness between a couple. Both authors represent this kind love well in their respective stories. Lady MacBeth was a mastermind the way she had control in the beginning of Macbeth. She influenced MacBeth to do all his actions. An example of thisRead MoreAnalysis Of Wuthering Heights 1398 Words   |  6 PagesWuthering Heights is a fictional novel written by Emily Bronte. This book is very sexist with the females frequently being immature, overly dramatic and childish. The betrayal in this book come when Heathcliff feels that Catherine betrayed herself by not pursuing his love. Hindle also showed jealousy towards heathcliff. In the play Macbeth written by William Shakespeare, Lady Macbeth is the most famous woman character. She is stronger, more ambitious and ruthless than her husband. Lady Macbeth pushedRead MoreMacbeth And Wuthering Heights1257 Words   |  6 PagesThe theme of destructive love within relationships in older plays are very evident. Things have changed dramatically since the old days, but you can still find examples today that could be related into the themes t hat are still evident in todays readings of Shakespeare’s plays. Shakespeare s Macbeth and Bronte’s Wuthering Heights are presented through sexism, jealousy and betrayal. Now a days in current relationships women do have some sort of controlling power over men. Relationships have cameRead MoreQuestions Answered On Macbeth And Wuthering Heights1864 Words   |  8 Pagesanswered about Macbeth / Wuthering Heights Macbeth and Wuthering Heights not everyone s favorite books. But have you ever thought to breakdown and analyze the book s piece by piece. In this short essay, that will be during for questions such as why is their so much suffering in both novels, ambition, why do all the relationships in the book don’t end well, why women always in control, and finally why people dislike the suggested books. With that, I give you the theme of destructive love within relationships

Video Analysis on the Long Walk Home - 749 Words

Sociology Midterm - Video Analysis 1. Summary: The film I chose for this analysis is The Long Walk Home, directed by Richard Pearce. This film is about Odessa, an African-American maid in the Thompson family’s household in Montgomery, Alabama in the 1950s. On December 1, 1955 Rosa Parks ‘refused to obey bus driver James F. Blake’s order to give up her seat in the colored section to a white passenger, after the white section was filled.’ Ms. Parks was arrested and there followed the Montgomery Bus Boycott when the entire African-American population refused to ride any of the city buses. Odessa supports the bus boycott and starts walking to work. Miriam Thompson finds herself in the midst of the civil rights revolution when she†¦show more content†¦In another event, some racist white boys attack and hit Odessa’s daughter and son for having darker skin and being ‘idiot coons.’ This is one of many examples of racism being a factor. The ultimate clash of the subordinate (whites) and insubordinate (African-Americans) groups comes at end of the film with the mob seen at the carpool lot. This shows racism, discrimination and stereotyping all in one. It is amazing to me to see both how far and how little we have come as a society. Works Cited 1. â€Å"Rosa Parks.† Wikipedia. Wikimedia Foundation Inc. 24 February 2015. Web. 08 March 2015. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rosa_Parks. 2. Kendall, Diana. Sociology in Our Times. Mason, OH: Cengage Learning, 2011. Print. 3. The Long Walk Home. Dir. Pearce, Richard. RBA, 1990.Show MoreRelatedRitual Analysis : A Wedding1445 Words   |  6 PagesRitual Analysis Many people in civilized cultures associate rituals with only religious or witchcraft settings. Although they are a big part of those two lifestyles, rituals take place in non-religious and non-spiritual manners as well. A specific, more complex definition was provided by John Skorupski where he describes rituals as â€Å"interaction ceremonies in which humans as agents interact with other agents by communicating in interaction code† (Eller 2015: 103). In a more general sense, a ritualRead MoreA Research Study Of Condition A Phobia Into A Young Infant1468 Words   |  6 Pagesbeen accepted now that little Albert had a neurological impairment at the time of the experiment, Which Watson kept from the public records. Little Albert was taken from the experiments to go home and was never deconditioned or scheduled for long term follow-up. Some people went as far as to analyze the videos to find matching features. Keywords: Little Albert, Almost all psychology students learn at some point that a Watson and Rayner tried to condition an infant (11 months) called â€Å"AlbertRead MoreRhetorical Analysis Of I Am A Crisis864 Words   |  4 PagesRhetorical Analysis of â€Å"I am a Crisis† In 2012, the British Red Cross released a public service announcement called â€Å"I am a Crisis.† The short advert was about how â€Å"a crisis can happen to anyone.† (HelloImAPizza) It aired all across the United Kingdom and even social media. The advert has gathered thousands of views through the years, which means many have heard its important message. The public service announcement, â€Å"I am a crisis†, message is significant because it can relate to everyone. The advertRead MoreHow Technology Has Impacted Our Culture Essay1692 Words   |  7 Pagestechnology improved the quality of life, and so on. Cell phones in particular have been advancing ever so rapidly in our generation, and have been used to advance societies in many ways. Smartphones are a now a communication device, laptop, camera, video player, music player, and so much more in just a hand held device. The latest and greatest smartphone can become outdated in as little as a year. Smartphones h ave advanced immensely in the 21st century in many ways, ultimately, what are smartphonesRead MoreThe Community Of The Aboriginal Community Essay1697 Words   |  7 Pagesgood school consists of. Part 2: †¢ Hook question: What do you think school was like in residential schools? (Engages students in prior knowledge). †¢ Video → show them the video CBC Radio-Canada. (1955, March 13). A new future for residential school students. [Video file]. Retreived from http://www.cbc.ca/player/play/2565484259 †¢ Based on the video, does it seem like a nice place? Would you like to go there? Discuss in partners, then as a whole class what you came up with. †¢ Have students closeRead MoreApplying A Stress Management Schedule1529 Words   |  7 Pagesout there to preform. Yoga was a way, for me, to work on relaxation and stress reduction, all while reflexing on my day or meditating. After awhile, I came up with some ideas using social media, articles, journals, Youtube videos, and more. I started out by altering between videos and then doing my own movements. From the start, consistently remembering to take time to relax and preform my yoga plan was a serious struggle for me. I felt the stresses of balancing a job with the start of school andRead MoreThe Jonbenet Case And The Six Year Old Beauty Queen1441 Words   |  6 Pagesdisturbed, photographs in its originality are taken, and then collected by the crime scene investigator. The Boulder police failed to remove every individual from the crime scene and allowed them to not only walk around freely but were allowed to remove items. Removing the items from the home further compromised the integrity of the scene. Items such as toys, jewelry, credit cards, and some of JonBenet dresses were removed from the house (Katz, 2010). By allowing the items to be removed it is undeterminedRead MoreMarketing Research At The Bureau Of Labor Statistics1482 Words   |  6 Pagesunderstanding diversity in the hospital from the surrounding communities. Learning and training in the language of caring to i nteract within the changing diverse culture. Being able to walk in someone else s shoes or at least understand what they are going through, will make a difference in the way employees treat others. Video Remote Interpretation (VRI), using Marti a two-way audio, that will assist with language interpretation and help make it possible for an institution to open up doors for greaterRead MoreAnalysis of the Canadian Computer Software Industry1243 Words   |  5 PagesCanadian Computer Software Industry: An Analysis Introduction The involvement has become so involuntary that it has now become a dependence and an addiction, to an extent that the absence of a computer makes someone completely dysfunctional, thus making the computer software industry an instrumental new force within the international economy (Kent Williams 1997 p 140). Our insatiable need for new and updated technologies to accompany us through almost all walks of life has been resulting in a rapidlyRead MoreRobyn Rihanna Fenty: The Game of Fame1699 Words   |  7 PagesIn today’s world, celebrities are often misunderstood, especially singer/songwriter Robin Rihanna Fenty, referred to as Rihanna. Rihanna’s sexual behaviors in her videos have been talked about in negative ways for some time now, but what [eople do not understand is that it is all for fame. Celebrities will do anything to keep their career going strong. If one really took the time out to take a deep look at Rihanna, they will notice how humble she really is. After going through the abusive relationship

European Union Essay Research Paper The European free essay sample

European Union Essay, Research Paper The European Union is a brotherhood of 15 independent provinces bases on the European Communities that was founded in 1993 in order to heighten political, economic and societal co-operation. The 15 participating states are the undermentioned: Austria # 8211 ; Germany # 8211 ; Holland Belgique # 8211 ; Greece # 8211 ; Portugal Denmark # 8211 ; Ireland # 8211 ; Spain Suomi # 8211 ; Italy # 8211 ; Sweden France # 8211 ; Luxembourg # 8211 ; United Kingdom All these states, although different in sentiment, traditions, are united by a common ideal: to do Europe a better topographic point to populate by maintaining peace and freedom. The purpose of the European Union is to advance economic and societal advancement, which is balanced and sustainable, conveying the European individuality on the international scene and present the European citizenship for the subjects of the member provinces. The ultimate end is # 8216 ; an of all time close brotherhood among the people of Europe, in which determinations are taken every bit closely as possible to the citizen. # 8217 ; The European Union has its ain flag, anthem and it celebrates the Europe Day on the 9th of May. Each Community had, and still has, its ain legal base, a Treaty. The Treaties provide a set of policy aims or ends, establishments to put to death them, a decision-making procedure, and definition of the legal signifiers to convey those determinations to world. Over the old ages, the Treaties have been well amended, impacting the Union # 8217 ; s competency, institutional construction, and decision-making procedures. Some future aims of the Union are: to implement the Treaty of Amsterdam, which revises the basic pacts on which the EU is founded. It contains new rights for citizen, freedom of motion, employment, beef uping of establishment. to enlarge the EU, to include states from cardinal and eastern Europe as good. This was specified in # 8216 ; Agenda 2000 # 8242 ; , a elaborate scheme for # 8217 ; beef uping growing, fight and employment, for overhauling cardinal policies and for widening the Union # 8217 ; s boundary lines through expansion as far due easts as the Ukraine, Belarus and Moldova # 8217 ; ( President Santer Jacques in the Agenda 2000 ) . This Agenda is the Commission # 8217 ; s much anticipated communicating on the hereafter development of the European Union. Introducing the Agenda 2000, the president Jacques Santer besides said that # 8216 ; Enlargement represents a historic turning point for Europe # 8217 ; . to establish the Euro # 8211 ; the individual currency of the European Monetary Union which is adopted by 11 states as from 1st Jan. 1999. Five establishments can take part in the legislative procedure under the EC Treaty. Each has its constitutional function. The chief three are the European Commission, the Council of the EU and the European Parliament. The European Commission has the chief function to maneuver the Union in new waies. It operates as a beginning of policy enterprises and works closely with the Parliament and the Council. Basically it represents the common involvements of the Union and it has the exclusive right to originate statute law. The Commission is besides the Union # 8217 ; s administrative organic structure, supervising member province execution of directives and implementing ordinances. Another duty of the Commission is to pull off the ECU budget and to take determinations in Fieldss such as competition, agribusiness and trade policy. It has besides of import duties for assistance and development in the 3rd states. One of its bounds is that it has non power to take legislative determinations. After the Commission transmits its proposals, the Council of the European Union, stand foring the member provinces, Acts of the Apostless on Commission proposals and has the concluding or joint legislative authorization with the Parliament. It has besides function in set uping an internal market ( no boundary lines between provinces, that guarantees freedom of motion inside the Union ) and that the aims put by the Treaty are reached by organizing the general economic policies of the member provinces of the EU by following proposals from the Commission. The European Parliament represents the people of the European Union, by moving as the EU # 8217 ; s public forum in debating issues and oppugning the Commission and Council. It has three cardinal powers: statute law power the power of the bag the power to democratic supervising. The Parliament is besides able to steer and advance the EU’s development and co-operation plans with all the world’s developing states. By following declarations on its ain enterprise, the Parliament is a political drive force bring forthing several enterprises for the development of the Community policies. It on a regular basis works together with the Commission and the Council to develop or modify bing policies, or present new 1s. European integrating is an of import and ambitious undertaking. Europe is presently sing high unemployment and Europeans are unsure about how to happen a manner out. Part of the solution to it is the European Monetary Union. It is a great benefit for the Cyprus and the whole European economic system. Apart from the advantages at the general economic degree, EMU offers single benefits. Companies and citizens will gain from the stableness of the individual currency, from lowered costs, and from the new transparence in the Common Market due to the direct comparison of monetary values. EMU will ensue in monetary value stableness for the whole euro zone. Associating to the Cyprus job, fall ining the European Union is decidedly a positive measure towards work outing the state of affairs. the EU has taken a clear and steadfast place in support of a solution that respects the sovereignty, independency, territorial unity and integrity of the state. The EU place that the position quo imposed by the Turkish invasion of 1974 and the continued business by Turkish military personnels of 37 % of the island # 8217 ; s district, is unacceptable, was stated in the Dublin European Council Declaration, the Lisbon European Council Conclusions, and was repeated on legion other occasions. Cyprus Government believes strongly, that the accession to the European Union will assist in work outing the political job, and as Foreign Minister Kasoulides, during the gap ceremonial for the enlargement procedure on 30 March 1998, said # 8220 ; this procedure and the chance of EU rank which will profit the population of Cyprus in its entireness, will move as a accelerator, bring oning all sides to work for an early solution # 8221 ; . Another advantage offered by the European Union to Cyprus by fall ining it is the set uping unvarying regulations and ordinances on the environment, sing its pollution. Aiming at a high degree of protection, the Union # 8217 ; s current policies go far beyond air and H2O quality to include the protection of dirts, home grounds and zoologies and vegetations, and the preservation of wild birds. Some of the policies that regulate the protection of the environment are sing the discharge of toxic substances in the H2O, emanation of gases from the vehicles, repairing the maximal noise allowed for autos, aeroplanes, bikes, etc. All these policies are needed in Cyprus, they imply non merely continuing, protecting of the environment, but besides protecting human wellness. It besides facilitates guaranting a rational usage of the natural resources. As quoted from the official web site of the Cyprus authorities, # 8220 ; Cyprus has a batch to profit from EU rank. It besides has a batch to offer as a member province. The geographic place of the state, the healthy province of its economic system, the devotedness of the people to the ideals of the EU are all elements which enable Cyprus to lend to the stableness and public assistance of the European household, irrespective of its little size. Situated at the intersection of of import conveyance and communications paths associating Europe to the Middle East and the Orient, Cyprus aspires to go the part # 8217 ; s economic and fiscal operations Centre, a communications and conveyance hub, and a meeting topographic point for peoples and civilizations. With its advanced proficient substructure and skilled human resources it can go a span from where European endeavors launch their activities. Furthermore, it can move as a shield, protecting Europe from the influx of narcotics, traffic king in human existences and the menace of terrorism. # 8221 ; Reference library: The Republic of Cyprus home page The United Nations and European Union home page Europa # 8211 ; The European Union functionary home page Bulletin of the European Union # 8211 ; European Commiision ( 11.1998 ) Bibliography The Republic of Cyprus home page The United Nations and European Union home page Europa # 8211 ; The European Union functionary home page Bulletin of the European Union # 8211 ; European Commiision ( 11.1998 )

Case Study CompSupport.com Inc.

CompSupport.com was developed to provide the computer support services operating within the software industry. The focused was made on using innovative approaches and technologies. The target audience of the product was individual users of computers, and the success of the company depended on the expansion of the services provided which were available for the unlimited number of customers.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study: CompSupport.com Inc. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This industry is based on the effective communication with customers while responding to their needs. The problems began when CompSupport.com focused on the work with corporate clients and changed the approaches to communication and provision of services. It was rather difficult to find new customers and decrease costs along with increasing the company’s profits. Nevertheless, operating within the highly competitive environm ent, the company could not follow the initial strategy because of changes in customers’ demands and the company’s approaches to providing the necessary services. The â€Å"product and market† fit in relation to CompSupport.com can be discussed as appropriate only at the first stages of the company’s development when the proposed services met the customers’ needs completely. CompSupport.com expanded the range of services provided each year focusing on innovations and changes within the industry and market. The effectiveness of this business also depended on the successes of communication between experts and customers, and main alternations and improvements were associated with this sphere. However, the company chose an ineffective strategy with focusing on the corporate clients and partners. The revenues increased, but the positive effect was temporary because of changes in the financial market. Thus, the competitors increased when the positions of CompSupport.com became weaker because the necessary market search was not completed in time, and ineffective decisions were made. From this point, the â€Å"product and market† fit is inappropriate at the final stages of the company’s development. The first years of the company’s development were successful and beneficial both for customers and partners. Thus, the provision of the computer support services was necessary for customers and many people needed the proposed assistance. Diagnostic services and live interactive chat were provided at the first stages of the company’s development, responding to the customers’ demands and expectations.Advertising Looking for essay on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More With acquiring MyHelpDesk Inc. the company developed its abilities and began to provide the services at the higher level. As a result, both the partners and customers we re satisfied with outcomes of the realized strategy. The revenues increased and the range of the services provided extended. The developed MyHelpDesk suite was necessary for customers who actively used the proposed options and guaranteed the stable profits for partners. However, the changes within the financial market influenced the company significantly. CompSupport.com emphasized the cooperation with large companies and limited the range of services provided for the other customers. The initial strategy of the company was not followed fully. With each change, the company focused more on the benefits for shareholders and partners rather than for employees and customers. From this point, CompSupport.com’s revenue model depended much on the changes within the market and successes of the partners. The decrease of costs with using phone calls rather than the Internet connection and online resources and messaging changed the financial scheme used by the company. Nevertheless, the main changes were caused by the development of the competitors within the industry. It is possible to admit that this situation could make CompSupport.com find more innovative decisions, but instead, more limitations were worked out. That is why, CompSupport.com’s revenue model was based on the profits received from the corporate partners and clients during a long period of time. It is important to note that the initial attempts realized by the company to develop the sphere of its influence were rather effective because they responded to the needs of customers and to the industry’s trends. The growth of competition within the industry and the problematic financial market can be discussed as influential factors to change the strategy and find the effective decisions to overcome the situation. However, CompSupport.com chose an ineffective strategy, limiting the services provided and decreasing their quality to compensate high costs. CompSupport.com’s offering in relation to the period of developing and improving MyHelpDesk suite can be discussed as effective and rather innovative for the time period. Nevertheless, CompSupport.com’s changes in strategies caused the company’s decline.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Case Study: CompSupport.com Inc. specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The company’s leaders have to choose one of controversial alternatives which cannot satisfy the interests of both the shareholders and customers. It is possible to recommend focusing on merging with the other company because it is a real chance to develop the company as the part of the other company where the opinions of the shareholders are important and customers’ needs are satisfied. The problem is in the potential decrease in the number of employees. If the company is sold, the role of shareholders decreases significantly, and there are less chances to develop the company according to its initial strategic goals and interests of the customers. That is why, the situation of merging with another company provides more opportunities for CompSupport.com’s further development. This essay on Case Study: CompSupport.com Inc. was written and submitted by user Phasma to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Analytical Exposition - Comparison of the domestic sitcoms Brady Bunch and My Wife and Kids

Analytical Exposition - Comparison of the domestic sitcoms Brady Bunch and My Wife and Kids The popularity of domestic sitcoms is increasing. Certain shows usually address issues relevant to the lives of their viewers. It could be suggested that certain television shows contribute to the development of viewer's attitudes and beliefs. Despite the differences in the eras that these sitcoms come from, The Brady Bunch (produced 1970) and My Wife and Kids (produced 2000-2005), represent family as a place of love, protection, support and affection. However the producers present this image through different technical, symbolic and language strategies. The representations of family presented in the two sitcoms reflect the eras of production.The Brady Bunch is a classic situation comedy. The Brady Bunch is an all-white all American patriotic family. Mike Brady, a widowed architect with three boys marries Carol Martin, a single young mother with three young girls. The couple and their formerly-separate families conjoin to become one close-knit blended family. The Brady family also co nsist of Alice Nelson who serves as the family's live in housekeeper.BRADY CHESIREThe themes revolve around family unity, sibling rivalry, dating and misunderstandings.My Wife and Kids is the ideal situation comedy representing today's society. My wife and kids is based on the African American Kyle family. The Kyle family could be described as a dysfunctional family. Michael Kyle longs for a traditional life, but his day-trader wife Janet "Jay" threatens his idea of the ideal family scenario. Michael and Janet have 3 children, their gangsta rap-worshipping son Michael Jr. and brooding daughters Claire and Kady. My Wife and Kids tackle issues such as substance abuse, sibling rivalry, relationships, and teenage pregnancy. Both of these shows depict traditional marriages with masculinity and femininity. In The Brady Bunch Mike is the only source of income in the family, yet he earns enough for the family to live comfortably. This is...

Super bowl commercials in the United States Essay

Super bowl commercials in the United States - Essay Example Though there are mixed emotions as to what should and should not be aired, ultimately it is a decision of freedom of speech while also remaining ethical and without offending a segment of the population due to race, gender, religion, or personal ethics. When considering these factors most major companies, including CBS, stand firmly behind free speech and freedom of the press but they are also relieved of the some of the pressure of censoring themselves with air time being so costly during specific times. Major companies want to shock, interest, and be creative but they also recognize the fine line between positive media influence and consumer gain and must consider the impact on their company financially should the commercial be viewed as offensive. There are several whose reputation and name brand have allowed them to carry off what a smaller and less known brand would not risk. Disagreeing with all censorship opens the door for those which are outright offensive to segments of the population such as in racial matters while building brand name strength in customer base. This serves some purpose but as a major company there is usually the continuing quest to build and increase one’s customer base, rather than further divide it. Many submitted were never allowed to air, including ones from major names such as PETA and Bud Light. While my position supports free speech 100% there several companies have outright censored any material containing matter of a specific nature without discussion or review. While in the past artists have been asked to perform during the super bowl there has been an instance of outright censorship of vocals which were censored specifically for the super bowl performance in 2006 by the Rolling Stones.

Psychological Analysis of the Story of Adam and Eve Essay

Psychological Analysis of the Story of Adam and Eve - Essay Example Interestingly, the Jewish story of God has a companion for him called Sophia 'Knowledge'. If God is the Oedipal father, then Sophia is the unobtainable mother. God is the mental 'superego', the judge or conscience. Adam is the Libido or Id. He is the human being of base desires; all this actions are inborn, and he lives in a state of gratification and simplicity. Eve is symbolic of the ego, which is concerned with the external reality, and the balance between physical desire and mental processes. Adam's knowledge is filtered through her; and where as Adam is unified with God's will, having no ego of his own, Eve is independent, her will is self-will, and Adam's is the will of the Other. Lucifer, as the serpent, is the symbol of a human being coming to consciousness, moving away from his parent, and beginning to reach out beyond the limitations of the Father. The serpent can be seen as the one who brings Adam and Eve out of the oedipal complex, and into the mental processes of Eros and Thanatos. In the story of Genesis, God is the Forbidding Father, or Thanatos, closely connected to the death drive; He represses the knowledge and understanding of Adam.

English Constitution Essay Example for Free

English Constitution Essay The role of the courts and government in judicial review is to ensure that Public authorities act lawfully; all such authorities are subject to the rule of law and are not permitted to act ‘ultra vires’ (beyond their powers). The power that government has comes from powers granted to that authority by statute or delegated legislation. The Human Rights Act 1988 (HRA) created an additional ground s6(1) making it unlawful for public bodies to act in Ð ° way that is incompatible with the European Convention on Human Rights. (ECHR)Since the seventeenth century, in the Case of Monopolies 1602 77 ER 1260 the courts have claimed the authority to inquire into the extent and limits of the Crown’s common law prerogative powers. Since 1700, the role of the courts in reviewing administrative and judicial decisions has been explained on the basis of the rule of law whereby any Act or decision was invalid because it was in breach of or unauthorised by the law, or was beyond the scope of the power given to the decision maker by the law (Sunstein, 2001). Limitations of Judicial Review Judicial review is limited to the examination of executive decision and decision made by government authorities; it is Ð ° constitutional function of the High Court to ensure that public bodies and government do not act unlawfully. It acts not in order to give effect to any private rights of the individual who made the application but in order to fulfil the role. It is the examination of Ð ° legal decision by Ð ° public body and it is not an appeal whereby Ð ° decision maybe substituted but Ð ° review of that decision only. Judicial review is only concerned with the lawfulness and not with the merits of Ð ° decision. Attorney General v Fulham Corporation, ex relatione Yapp [1921] whereby the High Court granted Ð ° declaration that the council had acted unlawfully and Cooper v Wandsworth Board of Works (1863) 14 CB NS 180 that the council had acted unfairly and had failed to exercise their statutory power lawfully. The Primary Purpose of Judicial Review The primary purpose of judicial review was summarised by Lord Lindley MR in Roberts v Gwyrfai District Council [1899] 2 CH 608, 614: â€Å" I know of no duty of the Court which is more important to observe, and no power of the Court which is more important to enforce, than its power of keeping public bodies within their rights. The instant public and government bodies go beyond their constitutional rights they act so to damage and domination of private persons, and those individuals are allowed to be protected from harm arising from such operations of public bodies† (Sunstein, 2001 p47) In the case of Council of Civil Service Unions v Minister for the Civil Service [1985] AC 374 (GCHQ Case), Lord Diplock observed that: â€Å"The theme of every judicial review is Ð ° judgment made by some person or government body whom I shall name the ‘decision mÐ °ker’ or else Ð ° refusÐ °l by him to mÐ °ke Ð ° decision† In latest years judicial review has extended to private bodies which can be said to exercise Ð ° public function, R v City Panel of Takeover and Mergers, ex parte Datafin Ltd [1987] 2 QB 815Lord Diplock stated in the GCHQ case, that three actions that give grounds for Judicial review are illegality, irrationality and procedural impropriety (Merrill, 2001). Illegality, for example Ð ° government body misinterpreting legislation Anismimic Ltd V Foreign Compensation [1969] 2 AC 147, or acting ultra vires (acting beyond its prescribed power) AG v Fulham Corporation case, or making Ð ° judicial error of fact R v Secretary of State for Home Department, ex parte Khawaja [1984] AC 74, or unlawfully delegating power or fettering discretion Port of London Authority, ex parte Kynoch Ltd [1919] 1 KB 176 or where power is exercised by someone who does not meet the qualifications laid down in the granting of power, the act must be considered illegal, Entick v Carrington (1765) 19 ST Tr 1030 and Allingham v The Minister of Agriculture and Fisheries [1948] 1 All ER 780. In Vine v The National Dock Labour Board [1957] AC 488 Lord Somervell of Harrow said that in deciding whether there is such Ð ° power, two factors have to be considered â€Å"the nature of power and the character of the person†Irrationality, the decision of Ð ° public body is irrational if it is ‘so unreasonable that no reasonable body could have come to the decision† Associated Provincial Picture Houses Ltd v Wednesbury Corp [1948] 1 KB 223 or ‘so outrageous in its defiance of logic or accepted moral standards that no sensible person who applied his mind to the question could have arrived at the decision’ Lord Diplock GCHQ case, Unreasonableness includes acting for improper motives, failing to take account of relevant considerations, failing to respect the requirements of natural justice and fettering discretion by adopting Ð ° rigid policy. With irrationality the courts have moved on from reviewing the procedures by which Ð ° decision has been made and testing its legality to substituting the courts own view on the merits of the decisionThe standard of reasonableness imposed by the courts is high. If the standard were too low it would mean that judicial discretion was being substituted for administrative discretion (Merrill, 2001). However, the protection of human rights has allowed the courts to use jurisdiction to employ Ð ° stricter test than in other Wednesbury cases, R v Lord Saville of Newdigate ex parte Brind (no 2) [1991] 1 All ER 720 (Merrill, 2001).

Seafood and Depression Essay -- essays research papers

Seafood and Depression There have been studies that conclude that there is some relationship between food intake and mental health. The stress you endure, and how you deal with it differs in many ways. There is evidence that the more seafood college students eat the lower level of depression they experience. Researchers have two different inventories for depression. The Beck Depression Inventory is a leading depression inventory, and the new inventory is the Wilsonson's Depression Scale (Wilsonson, Gofendorfer, & Brazleton, 2002). The results of both tests were identical. The Wilsonson Depression Scale proved to be more simple to administer and faster to complete and score (Wilsonson et al., 2002). This study, as well as others (Arbor, Dolfin, & Pecanhead, 2003; Black, Marsh, Roberts, Kickerback, Duey, Freeberslager, Williamsonson, & Friday, 2004; Smith & Hold, 2004; Thompson, 2004; Wilsonson, Gofendorfer, & Brazleton, 2002) have shown that when seafood intake is high your depression level is lower. One study examined the relationship between eating different foods to include seafood and depression (Arbor, Dolfin, & Pecanhead, 2003). In this particular study, the groups took the Wilsonson's Depression Scale before and after the participants divided into three groups and put on one of three very strict diets. Results of the study showed a significant difference in the levels of depression after being on the diet. A different study, (Black, Marsh, Roberts, Kickerback, Duey, Freeberslager, Williamsonson, & Friday, 2004) examined elderly people and gave them tests on personality, depression, and kept a journal of food intake for over three weeks. The Black (2004) study broke into two groups. One group said that they ate seafood at least six times a week and the other group only three or fewer a week. The Smith and Hold (2004) study was made up of 1000 elderly people living in the South. All the participants took personality tests and depression scales and kept food journals for six weeks. After the six-week study, the researchers cross-referenced the journals, personality tests, and depression scales. The Thompson study (2004) is a little different from the others. In this particular study, a group of teenage couples in the Central United States was given Beck's Depression Inventory in 1985, 1992, and again in 2004. After the test... ...ps, B., & Brenham, S. (2002). How does that make you feel: Monkies react to psychotherapeutic questioning [Electronic version]. Journal of Mental Health, 7(6), 147-157. Smith, B., Blowhard, J., Hardinson, B.P., Sherman, B., Ebert, R., Knight, P., et al. (2004). Feeling blue: The impact of color wheels on adult children of monkeys. Journal of Mental Health, 2(4), 115-153. Smith, B. P., & Hold, A. (2003). I like fish, do you? New York: USA Psychological   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Associates, Inc. Smith, B. P., & Hold, A. (2004). Psychophysiological effects of eating seafood. American Journal of Psychiatry, 3, 240-257. Smith, Bill P., & Hold, A. (2005). Who likes fish? Characteristics of people who love and hate seafood [Electronic version]. Journal of American Psychology, 3(2), 34-37. Thompson, C. (2004). Consumption of seafood associated with lower levels of depression: Longitudinal study involving fishmongers and fishwives [Electronic version]. Journal of American Psychology, 5, 123-134. Wilsonson, B., Gofendorfer, C.B., & Brazelton, W.F., III. (2002). Development and implementation of the Wilsonson’s Depression Scale. Psychology Bulletin, 122, 117- 137.

The Components of a Decision Support System

(i)Data Management Component. The data management component performs the function of storing and maintaining the information that you want your Decision Support System to use. The data management component, therefore, consists of both the Decision Support System information and the Decision Support System database management system. The information you use in your Decision Support System comes from one or more of three sources: Organizational information: One may want to use virtually any information available in the organization for your Decision Support System. What you use, of course, depends on what you need and whether it is available.You can design your Decision Support System to access this information directly from your company’s database and data warehouse. However, specific information is often copied to the Decision Support System database to save time in searching through the organization’s database and data warehouses. External information: Some decisions r equire input from external sources of information. Various branches of federal government, Dow Jones, Compustat data, and the internet, to mention just a few, can provide additional information for the use with a Decision Support System.Personal information:You can incorporate your own insights and experience your personal information into your Decision Support System. You can design your Decision Support System so that you enter this personal information only as needed, or you can keep the information in a personal database that is accessible by the Decision Support System. (ii)Model Management Component. The model management component consists of both the Decision Support System models and the Decision Support System model management system. A model is a representation of some event, fact, or situation.As it is not always practical, or wise, to experiment with reality, people build models and use them for experimentation. Models can take various forms. Businesses use models to rep resent variables and their relationships. For example, you would use a statistical model called analysis of variance to determine whether newspaper, TV, and billboard advertizing are equally effective in increasing sales. Decision Support Systems help in various decision-making situations by utilizing models that allow you to analyze information in many different ways.The models you use in a Decision Support System depend on the decision you are making and, consequently, the kind of analysis you require. For example, you would use what-if analysis to see what effect the change of one or more variables will have on other variables, or optimization to find the most profitable solution given operating restrictions and limited resources. Spreadsheet software such as excel can be used as a Decision Support System for what-if analysis. The model management system stores and maintains the Decision Support System’s models.Its function of managing models is similar to that of a databa se management system. The model management component can not select the best model for you to use for a particular problem that requires your expertise but it can help you create and manipulate models quickly and easily. (iii)User Interface Management Component. The user interface management component allows you to communicate with the Decision Support System. It consists of the user interface management system. This is the component that allows you to combine your know-how with the storage and processing capabilities of the computer.The user interface is the part of the system you see through it when enter information, commands, and models. This is the only component of the system with which you have direct contract. If you have a Decision Support System with a poorly designed user interface, if it is too rigid or too cumbersome to use, you simply won’t use it no matter what its capabilities. The best user interface uses your terminology and methods and is flexible, consiste nt, simple, and adaptable. For an example of the components of a Decision Support System, let’s onsider the Decision Support System that Land’s End has tens of millions of names in its customer database. It sells a wide range of women’s, men’s, and children’s clothing, as well various household wares. To match the right customer with the catalog, land’s end has identified 20 different specialty target markets. Customers in these target markets receive catalogs of merchandise that they are likely to buy, saving Lands’ End the expense of sending catalogs of all products to all 20 million customers.To predict customer demand, lands’ end needs to continuously monitor buying trends. And to meet that demand, lands’ end must accurately forecast sales levels. To accomplish theses goals, it uses a Decision Support System which performs three tasks: Data management: The Decision Support System stores customer and product informati on. In addition to this organizational information, Lands’ End also needs external information, such as demographic information and industry and style trend information.Model management: The Decision Support System has to have models to analyze the information. The models create new information that decision makers need to plan product lines and inventory levels. For example, Lands’ End uses a statistical model called regression analysis to determine trends in customer buying patterns and forecasting models to predict sales levels. User interface management: A user interface enables Lands’ End decision makers to access information and to specify the models they want to use to create the information they need.

Global Tobacco Market Essay Online For Free - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 13 Words: 3771 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Analytical essay Did you like this example? Imperial Tobacco Company Plc is the worlds fourth largest tobacco company in the world with a market share of over 5%. The UK market share for 2010 was 45%. The group primarily operates in Europe, Africa, Middle East and Asian regions. It has a presence in over 160 countries worldwide, operates 51 manufacturing sites and has around 38,000 employees. Past, Present and Future. Executive Summary In 2014, the global tobacco market forecast is to have a value of $490.2 billion, an increase of 14.2%. Cigarette is the largest segment of the global tobacco market, accounting for 91.8% of the markets total Value1. Analyst Don Hedley suggests that volume trends are a fairer way to calculate prevalence. Looking at a CAGR from 2009-2040, based on historical trends, Japans tobacco market would be 80% smaller in 2040, and the USA, Brazil and the UK would be 30% smaller 2. Given this scenario and the fact that IMT PLC has begun on the growth track in 2010 and it still has time to make the most of the global market. The major global competitors for IMT PLC are Philip Morris International, China National Tobacco Co. and Japan tobacco Inc 1. Other than mentioned previously, in the UK major competitors are Altria group Inc, British American Tobacco Plc and Reynolds American Inc 1. Throughout the review Imperial Tobacco PLC would be written as IMT PLC. It can be categorized within Consumer goods in the tobacco industry. Imperial reports its business under two operating segments: tobacco and logistics. Despite intense competition, crisis times and unfavourable attitudes towards tobacco consumption, IMT PLCs performance has been positively growing in the past years. Currently IMT PLC is faced with restructuring and strategies to cope with legal regulations since 2007. It is arguably obvious that governments across the globe derive highest amount of tax benefit from manufacturing and sale of tobacco and tobacco equivalents; however for a tobacco company maneuvering its way around these regulations and sustaining itself optimally is getting difficult. The companys transforming year was 2008. The company acquired Altadis and Logista with an estimated operational efficiency of around ÃÆ' ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã… ¡Ãƒâ€šÃ‚ ¬300 million. Today IMT PLCs performance is on the rise with competitors on most parameters. The overall performance of the company was positively affected by th e growing business in Spain, repayment of their short term liabilities by refinancing and increased sales volume for three brands. The need to change the dividend policy and provide higher (return on investments) ROI was a strategic decision that IMT PLC lived up to this year and plans to for the next few years. The credit rating still with all these changes and huge leverage conditions has still been positively high. The company performance has had a positive impact on the overall Shareholder value analysis by increasing its operating profits and huge achievements were Debt clearance, Acquisitions, emerging markets and planned price rise for 2011. A detailed SWOT Analysis is attached in the Appendices 1. The conclusion section gives a fair evaluation in brief about future shareholder options. All figures have been extracted only from these sources: Company Annual reports Income statement, Balance Sheet, Cash flow statement and mainly Notes to the financial statements, Reuters.com and Forbes.com C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Global Tobacco Market Essay Online For Free" essay for you Create order Analysis Ratios: C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Despite the totoal tobacco market shrinkage, profit margins have increased owing to increase in sales of Davidoff, West and Gauloises Blondes which reflected sales growth of 8.7% from Spain. The negative growth in white stick equivalents and cigarettes was compensated by the growth in Fine cut tobacco. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG The actual capital employed in the business has been and will be reducing. The business sold, depreciated and amortised several assets. Also the current liabilities (borrowings) had significantly reduced from 2560 million last year to 329 million this year 6. The decrease in non-current assets in 2010 is because of the adjustment of reduced goodwill from Reemtsma acquisition 4 worth 41 million and increase in inventories and foreign gains worth 210 million under current assets. With so much asset reduction ROCE improved since last 2 years. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG ROSC Industry average 2010 8 ROSC Sector Average 20108 12.16 (as of 14th April 2011) 5.82 (as of 14th April 2011) The Equity amounts for 2009 was lower since the organisations operations were not able to repay all the liabilities. Hence the organisation paid up equity from retained earnings. The ROSC in 2010 tripled as the net profit grew more than half from 2009. The huge leap on shareholder payment was the main priority after in 2009 hence the company chased profitability to achieve this. Also since the group saved on finance costs the resulting PBIT was high increasing the ROSC. ROA Industry average 2010 8 ROA Sector Average 20108 0.95 (as of 14th April 2011) 1.62 (as of 14th April 2011) The total return on Assets was owing to increased operating profits in 2010 and disposal of many assets from the Altadis synergies. As stated earlier, figure in 2010 would be higher than industry and sector averages, owing to reducing assets and increased operating profit. Also many restructuring costs borne today from the European acquisitions will yield result 3-5 years from now; hence this ratio will be expected to improve. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG The debt position has had a 16% improvement since last year, however IMT PLC plans to keep up on higher net incomes to balance equity proportions. Debt to Equity also shows that for the C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG past three years the risk component of the business has decreased by looking at Equity over long and short term borrowings and overdrafts; the company is uses very high leverage but does have financial risk mitigation initiatives like a group treasury committee to warn them of any debt triggers. Debt position overall needs to reduce for the risk factor associated. This would mean inviting shareholder contributions which in turn means aiming for profitability in the next coming years aggressively. Interest Cover Industry average 2010 8 Interest Cover Sector Average 20108 0.58 (as of 14th April 2011) 0.59 (as of 14th April 2011) The company has been gradually increasing its capacity to meet interest obligations from its operational earnings; especially in 2010 as the operating income was fairly high. The companys strategies of sales growth, cost and efficiency and cash utilisation must be maintained at least through the next 2-3 years to maintain the same levels of operating profit as 2010 for risk aversions and credit rating improvement on subsidiaries from other countries. The company has huge revolving refinance facility at floating interest rates for non current borrowings. Any significant increase in the borrowed interest rates may eat into operating earnings. Moreover the company has undertakings worth 3976 million which is unsecure and can be paid back on demand. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG In 2008 the profit for the year was low and the taxation rate was high as were the finance costs. The trade receivables were lower than trad e payables. All this had to be managed from operating cash flow. In 2010 the profit was significantly high; however movement of cash in to working capital and provisions and increase in trade payables affected cash flow. In 2009 even though the profits were low, income from investments were very high and the movement in provision was very low. The group also has  £231 million of total cash and cash equivalents held in countries in which prior approval is required to transfer the funds abroad. The overall cash position is secure. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Industry average 2010 8 Sector Average 20108 Current Ratio 0.44 (as of 14th April 2011) 0.87 (as of 14th April 2011) Quick Ratio 0.25 (as of 14th April 2011) 0.63 (as of 14th April 2011) There has been an increase in the ratio between current assets and current liabilities. This is a good indicator of the company being able to pay off liabilities from the cash it generates off of its current assets. However as per the quick ratio, the company is relatively low on this ratio. It needs to able to funds for its short term liabilities in a much bigger proportion owing to its size and nature of business- Consumer which is usually fast moving. If stocks are removed then the company has relatively very few assets that can help sustain its liabilities. If in the future if bans minimise current assets and therefore current liabilities, production would be affected and so would sales. The total assets also include several acquisition assets, the sale of which would be accounted for in the next financial statement. Thi s figure is also expected to improve. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Current Ratio Quick Ratio C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Shareholder liquidity has remained consistent over the years. Despite unfavourable operating profit conditions in last few years the company has managed to keep the shareholders interest secure in the company. Satiating Shareholder liquidity is the right decision as it is extremely important for future survival since all the mergers, acquisitions made by the company would take at least 3-5 years in effect to show results. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG The average number of days that the company takes to repay its debtors has been reducing since 2008. This is because the organisation has been making increasing payments debtors year on year and the deferred income amount has been increasing consistently. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Trading and sales have picked up and apt amount of investments have been made in maintaining optimum level of inventories or stock. The average number of days that stock sits in warehouses before it is sold ha s reduced 2008. More finished goods were made available for sale suiting demand rise. The stock turn over period could increase further more if the group can make use of all its assets and enter emerging markets. The noticeable consistency between Stock turnover and creditors turnover suggests that creditors are being paid even before or almost immediately after cash generation. The payment amount has been fairly consistent last year and in 2010. The company has maintained healthy supplier relations and is improving on the same. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Optimum Assets have been put to produce the current ROCE and working capital has been reducedby 1.7% from last year. The company has been able to clear a high debt owing to which the cash cycle has improved. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG In 2008 and 2009 the dividend payouts were significantly lower as even equity was being paid from retained earnings and there was practically not much left for dividend payouts. I n 2010 however the strategic focus was on shareholder satisfaction and arguably the dividend payout was given on time to possibly retain share prices in the future and also to maintain credibility from an investors perspective. There has been almost a 50% percentage change in Dividend payment from last year to 2010. With respect to competitors, global and domestic the investor confidence in the future growth of IMT PLC today is relatively much lower than competitors and industry average. It definitely though does not indicate any insecurity for investors. The company is in the midst of settling down and emerging from acquisitions made since 2008 and it has been growing in every way marginally every year. These share price figures were extracted from Reuters, and Forbes (2011) as on 12th April 2011. The dividend yield has been calculated based on the year end date 30th September for the past three years. The yield is high in 2010 owing to high dividend payouts since investor co nfidence is required to boost market capital and shareholder support. Without any profit retentions or movement to provisions, if the company pays off everything that it earned to shareholders as dividends each shareholder as of 2010 still expect to gain 8.13 of dividend yield. This obviously is high in 2010 owing to high dividend payouts that affected the current expected share value from investors. C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG C:UsersUserDesktopCapture.JPG Growth Sustainability: The production volumes for the company have been increasing since 2008. The total volumes of sales last year was 697 million units. Observing past trends the variables costs for IMT PLC needs to increase margins. Achieving growth in the future with regards to cost savings means avoiding opportunity costs, impairment costs. On profitability Liquidity -maintaining an optimum balance on debt levels, dividend payouts, equity and retained earnings. Assuming an overall growth rate of 8% for 2011 ( 2010 -6%) on total revenue the company must make approx  £ 30,426 million revenue next year as against 28173 in 2010. 8% growth with the plan to increase product prices ensures nout just profitability but a secure cash and debt repaying position. More so operating profits need to grow from value generated (hard factors) not just by savings (soft factors). Considering that the selling price per tobacco unit (especially cigarettes) is  £ 7.5, there is not enough room for passing the variable cost to the price. Hence the company should arguably opt for volume sales and tap as much emerging market as possible in these next few years. Corporate governance initiatives: Business in the Communitys 2009 Corporate Responsibility Index awarded IMT PLC a Gold rating with an improved score of 93.8%. The organisation structure is relatively highly centralised owing to the nature of business. The business has a methodology of appointing a neutral team known as the Group Treasury Committee t hat takes care of all the financial risks in the best interest of employees and shareholders. Many other risks such as Litigations, Competition, Market dependency, illicit trade and regulations etc have structured mitigation plans in place. The group also involved in community spending worth  £ 3.7 million in 2010. Global market share: IMT PLCs production strategy includes both volumes (54%) and differentiation (46%). It caters both to customers who demand value and customers who are brand conscious. Major opportunities for the organisation are to firstly increase profitability and brand in and from emerging countries with a view to increase overall market share. Today IMT PLC a just above 5% on global market share, it has ample growth opportunities. IMT PLC may appear global in terms of their how many countries they operate in; however a truly global organisation is also measured in terms of assets placed, employees hired and revenues generated internationally. Philip Morris, China National Tobacco and Japan Tobacco Inc lead the global market share with 17.4%, 13.8% and 13.3% respectively. IMT PLC has touched today with Japan Tobacco. The reasons on why countries such as Colombia, Egypt, Philippines, Austria, Poland India etc have been declared less profitable is unclear however if the company studies these markets and adopts a strategy to suit their needs collectively the market share would increase significantly. IMT PLC needs to expand its planning horizons to make global expansion as a factor in the future which adds value. Emerging Tier I and II markets are major survival aids for the long term. Value Generation: Only based on the financial analysis it was observed that difference between the companys variable costs and revenue is in a good position but can be improved further by reducing a huge amount on yearly impairments that the company writes off. Also there are huge opportunities for IMT PLC to strengthen its existing Logistics business as a robust measure of sustainability in the long future in the midst of uncertain regulations and high risks. Logistics business has not shown any improvements in the past three years. The group needs to focus on utilising logistics as a major business improvement opportunity in times of reducing tobacco markets. According to the Z score calculation by E I Altman the Z score value for IMT PLC is 2.4 which categorises it as a healthy organisation. In the near future IMT PLC has decided to hike prices of products and improve margins to support their operating cash flows and operating profits. It has also strategically sought to invest heavily in sales force to sustain as a defence from any government or legal policy. It is a growing organisation and must increase the workforce to grow efficiently. Conclusions: The debt position is being monitored but the company is in a secure position overall and performance can improve immensely based on asset utilisation, market share, value gener ation and volume and margin increase. Although some competitors are better performing and at par, the group performance has been above industry and sector averages also strategic objectives are well defined and being aggressively chased for 2011. The value returns are aimed to start this year on since settlement from mergers are almost done. It is now that shareholder support is required the most and the group ensures optimum returns. Bibiliography Datamonitor (2008-2010), Imperial Tobacco PLC Company and Industry Profiles. Available at: https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhauthdb=dmhcoAN=71ED6984-EA5C-4945-9E4E-F35280EAFA2Bsite=bsi-live https://search.ebscohost.com/login.aspx?direct=truedb=buhAN=52479880site=bsi-live Euromonitor (2011) The Future of the Tobacco Industry, Euromonitor [Online]. Available at: https://blog.euromonitor.com/2011/02/the-future-of-the-tobacco-industry.html Imperial Tobacco PLC (2008) Imperial Tobacco PLC- Annual Reports and Accounts 2008 Reports- Financials Consolidated Balance sheet. Available at: https://www.imperial-tobacco.com/files/financial/reports/ar2008/index.asp?pageid=50 Imperial Tobacco PLC (2008) Imperial Tobacco PLC- Annual Reports and Accounts 2008 Reports- Financials Consolidated Income statement. 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Available at: https://www.imperial-tobacco.com/fi les/financial/reports/ar2010/index.asp?pageid=67 Imperial Tobacco PLC (2011) Imperial Tobacco PLC Media- News 2008- Imperial Tobacco Group PLC completes delisting from the New York Stock Exchange and files forms 15 and 15F with the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission. Available at: https://www.imperial-tobacco.com/index.asp?page=78newsid=634type=18year=2008 Imperial Tobacco PLC (2011) Imperial Tobacco PLC- Annual Reports and Accounts 2010 Reports- Financials Notes to the financial statements- Note 20-29. Available at: https://www.imperial-tobacco.com/files/financial/reports/ar2010/index.asp?pageid=73#note29 (Accessed:2nd April 2011) Imperial Tobacco PLC (2011) Imperial Tobacco PLC- Annual Reports and Accounts 2010 Reports- Business overview- Highlights- Operational Highlights. 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Available at: https://www.investopedia.com/university/ratios/ Appendices I IMT PLC SWOT ANALYSIS Datamonitor (2008-2010) 2010 2009 2008 Appendices II Profitability Ratios Profit Margin Profit Margin = PBIT/Revenue 2010 2009 2008 PBIT 2118 945 621 Revenue 28173 26517 20528 Prft Mrgin 5.40 2.55 2.15 Return on Capital Employed ROCE = PBIT/ Capital Employed 2010 2009 2008 PBIT 2118 945 621 Total Assets 30615 32009 29825 Current Liabilities 9142 11140 9543 Capital Employed (Total Assets- current Liabilities) 21473 20869 19742 ROCE ratio 9.86 4.53 3.15 Return on Gross Assets ROA = PBIT/ Total Assets 2010 2009 2008 PBIT 2118 945 621 Total Assets 30615 32009 29825 ROA ratio 6.9 2.1 4.8 Appendices III Capital Structure and financial ratios Debt to Equity Ratio Debt to Equity = (Short Term Loans + Overdrafts + Long Term Liabilities)/Shareholder Capital 2010 2009 2008 Short Term Loans + Overdrafts + Long Term Liabilities 14173 16834 16064 Actual Shareholder Capital (excluding non controlling Interests) 7029 6538 6307 D-E ratio 209.32 257.32 254.70 Interest Cover Ratio Interest Cover = PBIT/ Interest charges 2010 2009 2008 PBIT 2118 945 621 Interest Charges 609 562 608 Interest Cover Ratio 3.48 times 1.2 times 2.33 times Cash flow Ratio Cash flow ratio = Cash flow from operating activities/Total debts 2010 2009 2008 Cash flow from operating activities 2859 3569 1700 Total Debts 23526 25414 22929 Cash flow Ratio 12.15 14.04 7.41 Appendices IV Liquidity and solvency ratios Current Ratio Current Ratio= Current Assets/Current Liabilities 2010 2009 2008 Current Assets 7086 7222 6581 Current Liabilities 9142 11140 9543 Current Ratio 0.78 0.65 0.69 Quick Ratio Quick Ratio= (Current Assets -Stock)/Current Liabilities 2010 2009 2008 Current Assets 7086 7222 6581 Stocks 3019 2925 2858 (Current Assets Stocks) 4067 4297 3723 Current Liabilities 9142 11140 9543 Quick Ratio 0.44 0.39 0.39 Shareholders Liquidity Shareholders Liquidity = Shareholders funds/Long term liability 2010 2009 2008 Shareholders funds 14384 14274 13386 Long term Liability 7029 6595 6356 Shareholders liquidity ratio 0.49 0.46 0.47 Appendices V Working Capital Management Ratios Average Debtor Days Average debtor days = (Trade Debtors/Annual Sales)*365 2010 2009 2008 Trade Debtors 2755 2681 2650 Annual Sales 28173 26517 20528 Debtor days 35.7 36.9 47.1 Stock Turnover Period Stock Turnover period = (Stocks/Cost of Sale)*365 2010 2009 2008 Stock 3019 2925 2858 Cost of Sale 22718 21201 16665 Stock Turn over 48.5 50.4 62.6 Creditors Turnover Creditors Turnover = (Trade Creditors/Cost of sale)*365 2010 2009 2008 Trade Creditors 1248 1247 1096 Cost of Sale 22718 21201 16665 Creditors days 48.5 50.4 62.6 Cash Cycle Cash Cycle = (Stock Turnover+Debtor Days)- Creditor Days 2010 2009 2008 Creditors days 48.5 50.4 62.6 Stock Turn over 48.5 50.4 62.6 Debtor days 35.7 36.9 47.1 Cash Cycle 64.1 65.8 85.7 Appendices VI Investor Ratios Dividend Cover Dividend Cover= Earnings Per Share/Dividend per share 2010 2009 2008 Earnings per share 148.5 65.5 50.6 Dividend per share 84.3 73 63.1 Dividend cover 1.76 0.90 0.80 Price Earnings Ratio- (Share prices, Industry average and sector average-Extracted from Reuters and Forbes.com) Dividend Yield Dividend Cover= Earnings Per Share/Dividend per share 2010 2009 2008 Current Share Price (as of 30th Sept each year) 1808 1797 2241 Annual Dividend 84.3 73 63.1 Dividend Yield 4.7 4.1 2.8 Earnings Yield Earnings Yield= Dividend Yield*Dividend cover 2010 2009 2008 Dividend Yield 4.7 4.1 2.8 Dividend Cover 1.76 0.90 0.80 Earnings Yield 8.3 3.7 2.2